About Me
Barrister- at-Law
BA (Murdoch) | LLB (Hons I – Univ. Medal) (SCU) | GDLP (ANU) | MSt (Oxon) (Dist I) |
Benedict Coyne is specialist in employment, industrial and workplace law and a passionate advocate for human rights. Prior to his call to the Bar, Benedict was an Accredited Specialist in Workplace Relations through the Queensland Law Society (QLS) and the Law Institute of Victoria (LIV).
Benedict has a nation-wide practice focusing on employment law and public law/human rights litigation including, inter alia, administrative law, class actions, discrimination law, and tort claims. Benedict has wide-ranging experience in representing both employers and employees in various types of employment matters in multiple state and federal jurisdictions. Benedict has appeared led and unled in the Federal Court of Australia, the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia, the Supreme Court of Queensland, the District Court of Queensland and other courts in employment / industrial, public and criminal law matters. Benedict is regularly briefed to run matters in the State and Federal Courts, the Queensland Industrial Relations Commission (QIRC), the Fair Work Commission, and the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal (QCAT).
Benedict draws on a decade of diverse, varied and innovative litigation experience at national preeminent law firms and more recently as Executive Counsel and Special Counsel respectively at two boutique Queensland law firms listed in Doyle’s Guide. Benedict also has experience in criminal prosecution and defence, and is briefed to appear in coronial inquests. He has experience as a solicitor in child protection matters and appearing in Royal Commissions and Commissions of Inquiry.
Prior to being called to the private Bar, Benedict practised as a solicitor in Brisbane working for a national class actions firm and a specialist Queensland employment law and discrimination law firm. While practising as a solicitor, Benedict successfully obtained Specialist Accreditation in Workplace Relations Law from the Law Institute of Victoria (LIV) and the Queensland Law Society (QLS) which he maintains at the Private Bar. Benedict was previously Associate to Justice Mordy Bromberg on the Federal Court of Australia in Melbourne and national president of Australian Lawyers for Human Rights (ALHR) for two consecutive terms. Benedict completed his Masters in International Human Rights Law at the University of Oxford with Distinction. In 2021 Benedict was appointed as a Member of the Mental Health Review Tribunal for a three-year appointment.
Prior to being called to the Bar, Benedict successfully obtained Specialist Accreditation in Workplace Relations Law from the Law Institute of Victoria (LIV) and the Queensland Law Society (QLS). Benedict has experience in representing both employers and employees in matters in multiple jurisdictions including the Federal Courts, the State Courts, the Fair Work Commission, the Queensland Industrial Relations Commission (QIRC), the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) and the Queensland Human Rights Commission (QHRC). In 2021 Benedict was appointed by the Governor-in-Council as a part-time Member of the Mental Health Review Tribunal (MHRT).
Benedict is currently briefed in a number of class actions and was recently briefed in the Western Australian Stolen Wages/Slavery class action (led by William Edwards and Joshua Creamer of Counsel), the Ms Julieka Dhu class action (filed in the Federal Court in Perth), the Channel 9 Palm Island section 18C Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) class action (filed in the Federal Court in Melbourne/Sydney) the Banksia Hill Detention Centre AHRC Group Complaint/ class action. Benedict has been briefed to investigate and advise on prospects of a class action into Pacific Labour Scheme. Benedict is currently briefed to investigate a range of other class actions in human rights, privacy rights and digital technologies, extraterritorial liability of Australian mining companies and mass sexual harassment and disability discrimination class actions against prominent Australian institutions.
At the completion of his graduate law degree, Benedict graduated with first class Honours and was awarded the University Medal and a number of academic awards from the NSW Bar Association for outstanding academic achievement. Benedict then served for a year as Associate to the Hon. Justice Mordy Bromberg on the Federal Court of Australia in Melbourne during which time he developed a strong interest in workplace and industrial law and the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth), particularly section 18C. Prior to his Associateship, Benedict was employed at the Fair Work Ombudsman whilst completing his law degree (LLB).
Benedict subsequently completed a Masters (MSt) in International Human Rights Law (IHRL) at the University of Oxford, graduating with highest level distinction. Following that, with a number of colleagues from his Masters cohort he helped setup an international business and human rights consultancy, Synceritas.
Between 2016 - 2018, Benedict served two consecutive terms as national president of Australian Lawyers for Human Rights (ALHR), a national network of Australian solicitors, barristers, academics, judicial officers and law students who practise and promote international human rights law in Australia.
Combining the subject matter of his Masters dissertation and his work with ALHR, in February 2015 Benedict established and co-led the campaign for a Queensland Human Rights Act which after a sustained campaign of over four years achieved the passage of the Human Rights Act 2019 (Qld).
Areas of Practice
Class Actions | Human Rights | Contract Disputes | Education Law | Negotiation | Restraint of Trade | Redundancy | Disciplinary Action | |Workplace Bullying | General Protections | Unfair Dismissal | Sexual Harassment | Workplace Discrimination | Industrial Disputes | Whistleblower Protections | Privacy Issues | Environmental Law | Cultural Heritage
Class Actions
Benedict is currently briefed in the Western Australian Stolen Wages/Slavery class action (led by William Edwards and Joshua Creamer of Counsel), the Ms DHU class action (filed in the Federal Court in Perth), the Channel 9 Palm Island section 18C RDA Class Action (led by Ronald Merkel QC and Jim Hartley and filed in the Federal Court in Melbourne/Sydney) the Banksia Hill Detention Centre AHRC Group Complaint/ class action and investigating the Pacific Labour Scheme AHRC Group Complaint/ class action. Benedict is also currently investigating a range of other class actions in human rights, privacy rights and digital technologies, extraterritorial liability of Australian mining companies and mass sexual harassment and disability discrimination class actions against prominent Australian institutions.
Benedict was previously employed as a class actions lawyer at one of Australia’s pre-eminent class actions firms. During that time, he worked on the Queensland Floods class action and the Equine Influenza class action as well as involvement in some shareholder class actions and investigating prospective toxic tort class actions including lead contamination. As a senior solicitor and litigator, Benedict ran a number of Group Complaints/representative proceedings in the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) against Google, Apple and Facebook and Channel 7 Sunrise for discrimination claims all of which resolved prior to hearing. He has since been involved in investigating and formulating prospective class actions including the PFAS representative proceedings in Katherine and Darwin. Benedict has also successfully completed the Class Actions Masters course at the University of Melbourne taught by the Hon. Justice Bernard Murphy of the Federal Court of Australia. The course encompassed the origins of class actions/representative proceedings and developing class action jurisprudence in Australia and overseas comparable jurisdictions.
Employment & Industrial
Prior to being called to the bar, Benedict successfully completed his Specialist Accreditation in Workplace and Industrial Law through the Law Institute of Victoria (LIV) and the Queensland Law Society (QLS). Benedict has broad-ranging experience representing both employees and employers from a wide variety of professions and industries. In the federal jurisdiction, encompassing the Fair Work Commission, Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC), Federal Circuit Court and Federal Court of Australia (FCA), Benedict has broad-ranging experience successfully representing clients from executive level positions at multinational companies to medical professionals, senior educators, legal professionals, Tradies and independent contractors in a wide variety of claims and causes of action. In the State jurisdiction, encompassing the Queensland Industrial Relations Commission (QIRC) and the Queensland Human Rights Commission (QHRC), Benedict has successfully represented a wide variety of public servants from a range of departments and agencies and levels of experience including Senior Ministerial Staffers, Deputy Commissioners, police officers, medical professionals, senior level managers and more. He recently succeeded on behalf of his clients and 400+ council workers in defeating the proposed Vaccine Mandate policy of Gold Coast Council sought to be introduced to apply to 4,500 workers. He also represented 39 paramedics and employees of Ambulance Victoria in an industrial dispute against the Vaccine Mandate in December 2021.
Commissions, Inquests and Inquiries
Benedict has significant experience as a solicitor in representing and appearing for bereaved families in Coronial Inquests and Coronial Investigations, namely in a number of Death-in-Custody and Death-in-Care Inquests. Benedict has significant insight and empathy for families going through this process from his own personal experiences.
Benedict also has experience in representing and appearing for clients in a variety of Commissions and Inquiries including the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse Case Study No. 38 with respect to the criminal process, (which subsequently prompted legislative reform regarding tendency and coincidence evidence) and the Grantham Floods Commission of Inquiry.
Administrative & Constitutional
As a solicitor, Benedict had wide-ranging experience successfully representing clients in judicial review matters before the Federal Court of Australia and the Supreme Court of Queensland. Benedict has experience formulating innovative and robust frameworks for decisive litigation on matters of significant importance including in the areas of regulation of the medical profession, environmental protection, Migration Law, Native Title and involving constitutional arguments including the implied freedom of political communication. Since being called to the bar he has appeared in a three day judicial review hearing in the Federal Court of Australia led by Julian Burnside QC representing a medical doctor in an application against the federal Minister for Health and the Director of the Professional Services Review, inter alia, under the Health Insurance Act 1973 (Cth) including constitutional argument on the implied freedom of political communication.
Privacy & Digital Rights
Benedict holds significant interest in the area of privacy rights and has experience in privacy rights litigation. As a solicitor, he represented clients in claims for damages for breaches of privacy rights in the State jurisdiction by government agencies. He also represented clients in reviewing and appealing Right to Information (RTI) decisions and Freedom of Information (FOI) decisions. He is currently an appointed supervisor of the Edinburgh International Justice Initiative (EIJI) (at the University of Edinburgh Law School, Scotland) conducting a year-long investigation and comparative analysis into the use of biometric surveillance by law enforcement agencies in three European jurisdictions for European Digital Rights (EDRi) . Benedict was previously appointed to the Advisory Council of Digital Rights Watch Australia.
International
Benedict has been engaged as a solicitor to perform international advocacy in a number of different areas, from assisting with death penalty defences in the Philippines to cases of alleged corruption in the Asia Pacific, as well as working with international law firms to lodge complains with various United Nations Treaty Bodies, Working Groups and Special Rapporteurs. Benedict has also been involved in devising and running international litigation strategies in education and administrative law matters for international students. Benedict has an active interest in Business and Human Rights and along with a number of his colleagues from the University of oxford he assisted in co-founding an international business and human rights consultancy, Synceritas. During the start-up phase Benedict engaged numerous NGOs and an international banking representative in Geneva for various projects including drafting and consulting on a substantive submission to the federal Australian Parliamentary Inquiry and Consultation regarding the introduction of a Modern Slavery Act for Australia. Benedict was also previously a Visiting Fellow of the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Faculty of Law International Law and Global Governance (ILGG) Research Program.
Disciplinary Proceedings
As a solicitor, Benedict represented many professionals from a variety of professions in disciplinary proceedings at both preliminary and advanced stages including up to representation before the relevant tribunals. Benedict has represented numerous medical professionals, police officers, senior public servants and teachers. He has experience in running successful hearings against the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) before the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal (QCAT) and has also litigated a negligence claim in the Supreme Court of Queensland against the Australian Medical Council (AMC) resulting in a successful resolution prior to trial.
Human Rights & Discrimination
Benedict has a deep and abiding interest in human rights and social justice issues stemming from his secondary education at John XXIII College under the motto of ‘Seek Justice’. As both a barrister and solicitor, Benedict has represented a broad range of clients in wide ranging unlawful discrimination and sexual harassment claims in both the State and Federal jurisdictions including, inter alia, racial discrimination group claims against some of the largest companies in the world (Google, Apple and Facebook) and large media companies (Channel 7/ Seven West Media Ltd) as well as representing women from all walks of life in sexual harassment and sex discrimination claims and children against educational institutions in disability discrimination and age discrimination claims.
Between 2016 and 2018 Benedict served two consecutive terms as national president of Australian Lawyers for Human Rights (ALHR), a national association of legal professionals active in practicing and promoting awareness of international human rights standards in Australia. During his tenure, and in conjunction with his Masters dissertation, Benedict co-founded and launched the campaign for a Queensland Human Rights Act which, after four years, was successful in seeing the passage of the Human Rights Act 2019 (Qld). Benedict also attended Australia’s Second Universal Periodic Review before the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva as an NGO observer on behalf of ALHR. Benedict has presented at numerous national conferences as a keynote speaker on human rights issues as well as at an international conference in Paris on the topic of international business and human rights.
Recently Benedict has been briefed to:
represent approximately 450 Gold Coast City Council workers in an industrial dispute successfully overturning the Council’s attempted introduction of a Vaccine Mandate over a period of about 6 months;
represent 54 Qld Police Officers against the Commissioner of Police’s Vaccine Mandate Directions (heard in the QSC before Martin J in June 2022 led by Dan O’Gorman QC - judgement currently reserved) represent 39 Ambulance Victoria paramedics and staff members in an urgent injunction against the vaccine mandate;
represent Qld Corrective service Officers, public school teachers and private school teachers against the Vaccine mandates, filed in the Supreme Court and yet to be heard.
Intentional Torts & Personal Injury
Benedict has an energetic interest and experience in traditional and intentional tort claims including false imprisonment claims and misfeasance in public office. Benedict has experience as a solicitor in litigating intentional tort claims in the District Court of Queensland as well as developing prospects for such cases in the federal jurisdiction. Benedict has a background in personal injury law in Queensland and was employed for a time at a leading national personal injury law firm successfully advancing claims for clients in workers compensation, motor vehicle accidents and public liability law.
Benedict is particularly interested in the tort of misfeasance in public office as a means of accountability in government decision-making and protecting the rights of people adversely impacted by such decisions.
Recent Cases
Public law and appellate matters
Supreme Court of Queensland
Kay v Chief Executive of Queensland Corrective Services [2024] QSC 167
Johnston & Ors v Carroll (Commissioner of the Queensland Police Service) & Anor; Witthahn & Ors v Wakefield (Chief Executive of Hospital and Health Services and Director General of Queensland Health); Sutton & Ors.. [2024] QSC 2 (27 February 2024) (In Proceeding Number 12168 of 2021 Sutton & Ors) (led by D O’Gorman SC)
Sandy v Queensland Human Rights Commissioner (No 2) [2023] QSC 74 (14 April 2023) (unled)
Sandy v Queensland Human Rights Commissioner [2022] QSC 277; 12 QR 556 (9 December 2022) (led by D O’Gorman SC)
BS8786/2022 Timothy Kay & Ors -v- Chief Executive of Queensland Corrective Services (led - judicial review of vaccine mandate and public health orders)
BS554/2022 Annette Forrester & Ors -v- Dr Peter Aitken, Acting Chief Health Officer Queensland & Ors (led - judicial review of vaccine mandate and public health orders)
MS3/2022 Jacob Aitken & Ors -v- Dr Peter Aitken, Acting Chief Health Officer Queensland & Ors (led judicial review of vaccine mandate and public health orders)
BS396/2022 Guy Jefferson & Ors -v- Jacob Aitken & Ors -v- Dr Peter Aitken, Acting Chief Health Officer Queensland & Ors (led judicial review of vaccine mandate and public health orders)
Federal Court of Australia
DMQ20 v Minister for Immigration, Citizenship, Migrant Services and Multicultural Affairs [2022] FCA 514 (6 May 2022) (unled - Application for judicial review of a decision of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal delivered on 22 June 2020)
Karmakar v Minister for Health (No 2) [2021] FCA 916; 177 ALD 83 (6 August 2021) (led by J Burnside QC and R de Luchi – judicial review of Professional Services Review decision and implied freedom of political communication ground)
Class Actions
Federal Court of Australia
WAD 237 of 2020 Mervyn Street -v- State of Western Australia (racial discrimination class action for Stolen Wages of Aboriginal peoples of Western Australia)
WAD 5 of 2022 Sherona Roe And Davin Ferreira as Co-Administrators of the Estate of the late Ms Julieka Dhu -v- State of Western Australia & Anor (racial discrimination class action brought against the State of Western Australia)
NTD 36 of 2019 Patrick Cumaiyi & Ors v Northern Territory of Australia & Ors (racial discrimination class action brought on behalf of the residents of Wadeye against the Northern Territory and Commonwealth governments)
NTD 23 of 2021 Assumpta Gumbaduck v Northern Territory of Australia (racial discrimination class action brought on behalf of the residents of Wadeye against the Northern Territory and Commonwealth governments)
VID 698 of 2021 Andrea Kyle-Sailor v Alex Heinke & Nine Entertainment Co Pty Limited (CAN 122 205 065) & Ors
Administrative Appeals Tribunal
2021/1885 Bernadette Egan -v- Secretary, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (unled, administrative appeal of decision to not allow an assistance animal to travel in plane cabin from Belfast, Northern Ireland to Australia)
2019/2979 Stephanie Tempone -v- National Disability Insurance Agency (unled - application for review of decision)
2021/8746 Re LZXY -v- National Disability Insurance Agency (unled - application for review of decision)
Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
ADL057-20 Dwayne Hill -v- Lyle Shelton (led - vilification claim on the grounds of gender identity and sexuality)
ADL058-20 Johnny Valkyrie -v- Lyle Shelton (led vilification claim on the grounds of gender identity and sexuality)
GAR280-21 David v Department of Seniors, Disability Services and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Partnerships (unled – application for review of decision with human rights grounds)
ADL003-22 Martin Flynn v State of Queensland (Department of Corrective Services) & Anor
ADL051-22 ADL052-22 Brett Danks v State of Queensland (Department of Corrective Services) & Anor
Employment, Discrimination, and Industrial law matters
Federal Court of Australia
QUD 376 of 2022 Tiejwana Alice Tenillie McLennan -v- State of Queensland & Ors (led racial discrimination and tort claim)
VID 405 of 2022 Caitlin Gwynne -v- University of Melbourne (unled – disability discrimination claim)
Federal Circuit Court and Family Court of Australia
BRG376/2022 Jesus Ramos -v- Teddy Co Funland Pty Ltd & Anor
BRG406/2021 Lorraine Cullen -v- Ozcare (ACN 072 422 925) & Ors
MLG737/2022 Hella Szilagyi -V- Arpad Elderly Welfare Society Incorporated (ABN 65 553 697 438) & Anor (unled – General Protections/Adverse Action claim under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth))
Fair Work Commission
C2021/8244 - Cayzer v Ambulance Victoria (unled – urgent injunction to restrain termination of employment)
U2020/9343 - Lu, Jinyi v National Australia Bank Ltd (unled – unfair dismissal claim and hearing)
Australian Human Rights Commission
2022-01386 Nasser Mashni v Commonwealth of Australia (represented by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade) & Ors (racial discrimination claim re Commonwealth policy on Israel and Palestine conflict)
2022-07404, 2022-07591, 2022-18862 Complaint by Ms Leeanne Sharp on behalf of herself and her daughter against International Education Services Ltd t/as IES College (the College) and Others (disability discrimination in education claim)
Queensland Industrial Relations Commission
D/2022/82 - David Allan & Ors v State of Queensland (Queensland Police Service) (unled - notice of industrial dispute re the Queensland Police Service 4th booster COVID-19 vaccine mandate)
TD/2021/44 - Emma Becirevic v State of Queensland (Queensland Health) (unled - reinstatement claim)
D/2022/18, D/2022/19, D/2022/20, D/2022/21, D/2022/22, D/2022/23, D/2022/24, D/2022/25 Warwick & Ors v Council of the City of Gold Coast (unled – Notices of Industrial Dispute regarding lack of consultation in introducing COVID-19 vaccine mandate)
Tort Matters
District Court of Queensland
1436/18 Paul Edward George Gibbons -v- State of Queensland (Queensland Police Service) (led - traditional tort claim against the State of Queensland (Department of Corrective Services) and a number of Queensland Police Officers)
626/18 Jarrod Clayton -v- State of Queensland (Department of Corrective Services) (led - traditional tort claims against the State of Queensland (Department of Corrective Services) and a number of Queensland Corrective Service Officers)
Magistrates Court of Queensland
M55/2019 Timothy David Jones -v- Mark Cheers (unled for the defendant in personal injury public liability claim)
Commercial Matters
Supreme Court of Queensland
Aronis v Aronis [2022] QSC 39 (30 March 2022) BS12875/15 Theodora Loula Aronis as Executor of the Estate of Peter George Aronis (Deceased) & Anor -v- Matina Aronis As Executor of the Estate of Maria Aronis (Deceased) (led – claims in equity/estoppel)
Magistrates Court of Queensland
M68/18 Caloundra Christian College Limited (ACN 105 326 814) T/As Caloundra Christian College -V- Wayne Armstrong
Criminal Matters
District Court of Queensland
R -v- Cutter (unled for the prosecution)
Magistrates Court of Queensland
R -v- Wooler (unled for the climate protestor defendant)
Inquests & Inquiries
Coroners Court of Queensland
2019/3619 Inquest into the death of Logan Dreier (briefed for the family of the deceased in high-speed police chase of stolen vehicle)
United Nations Human Rights Committee Complaints
Peter Garlett & Ors -v- Commonwealth of Australia - UN Human Rights Committee Complaint
Recent Decisions
Kay v Chief Executive of Queensland Corrective Services [2024] QSC 167 (Davis J) (with M Black)
Johnston & Ors v Carroll (Commissioner of the Queensland Police Service) & Anor; Witthahn & Ors v Wakefield (Chief Executive of Hospital and Health Services and Director General of Queensland Health); Sutton & Ors. [2024] QSC 2 (Martin SJA)(27 February 2024) (In Proceeding Number 12168 of 2021 Sutton & Ors) (led by D O’Gorman SC)
Valkyrie and Hill v Shelton [2023] QCAT 302 (currently being appealed)
Sandy v Queensland Human Rights Commissioner (No 2) [2023] QSC 74 (Williams J) (14 April 2023) (unled)
Sandy v Queensland Human Rights Commissioner [2022] QSC 277 (Williams J) (9 December 2022) (led by D O’Gorman SC)
DMQ20 v Minister for Immigration, Citizenship, Migrant Services and Multicultural Affairs [2022] FCA 514 (Collier J) (6 May 2022) (appealed to the FCFCA and the HCA)
Inquest into the Death of Logan Dreier (high speed police pursuit fatality, Gold Coast (briefed to represent the Family) (14 October 2021) (with M Rawlings of Counsel instructed by Caxton Community Legal Centre)
Aronis v Aronis [2022] QSC 39 (Jackson J) (30 March 2022) (led by K Howe with T O’Brien of Counsel)
Sharon Cayzer v Ambulance Victoria [2021] FWC 6553 (Deputy President Mansini) (9 December 2021) (unled against Frank Parry QC and Jack Tracey of Counsel)
Karmakar v Minister for Health (No 2) [2021] FCA 916 (Logan J) (led by Julian Burnside QC with Rachel de Luchi of Counsel)
Qualifications, Awards, Memberships
Bar Roll: 2021 Admitted: 2011
Bachelor of Laws LLB (Grad.) (Hons I)(SCU) Graduated with First Class Honours and the University Medal for Outstanding Academic Achievement and received the following academic awards at graduation:
§ The Stone & Partners Prize for graduating student with best overall academic performance.
§ The New South Wales Bar Association Prizes for Legal Ethics.
§ The New South Wales Bar Association Prizes for the Philosophy of Law.
Masters (MSt) in International Human Rights Law (Dist I), UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Graduated with Distinction I. Elected and served as Student Representative for 2013-2015. Regional correspondent for the Oxford Human Rights Hub.
Graduate Diploma in Legal Practice, AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY | Bachelor of Arts in History & Environmental Ethics MURDOCH UNIVERSITY (Vice-Chancellor’s Commendation for Academic Excellence; Conservation and Land Management Environment Award) | Diploma in Counseling (Sophia College) | Class Action Law Masters Unit (Non-Award), UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE | SPECIALIST ACCREDITATION Workplace & Industrial Relations Law, LAW INSTITUTE OF VICTORIA (LIV) | QUEENSLAND LAW SOCIETY (QLS) Practice Management Course
Awards: ALA Qld Civil Justice Award (2015) Baby Ferouz legal team | Southern Cross University Young Alumnus of the Year Award (2014) | Southern Cross University, School of Law & Justice, Alumnus of the Year Award (2014) | National Emerging Lawyer of the Year Award (2014) (Australian Lawyers Alliance & Amnesty International) | Youth Without Borders Human Rights Award (2013).
Memberships: Bar Association of Queensland (BAQ); Australian Lawyers for Human Rights (ALHR); Holding Redlich Workplace Relations Accredited Specialists’ Discussion Group; Law Council of Australia - International Law Section; Australian Association of Constitutional Law; Australian Institute of Administrative Law; Queensland Law Society (Associate Membership);